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Shapur II
Shapur II ( ''Šāhpuhr''), also known as Šāpūr II the Great ((ペルシア語:شاپور دوم بزرگ)), was the tenth king of the Sasanian Empire. The longest reigning monarch of the Sassanid dynasty, he reigned from 309 to 379 and was a son of Hormizd II.〔 During his long reign, the Sasanian Empire saw its first golden era since the reign of Shapur I (241–272). His name is sometimes given in English as "Shahpour" or "Sapor".〔(Gibbon, Edward. ''The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire''. )〕
== Early childhood ==
When King Hormizd II (302–309) died, Persian nobles killed his eldest son Adhur Narseh after a brief reign,〔''Adur Narseh'', A. Tafażżolī, Encyclopædia Iranica, (December 15, 1983).()〕 blinded the second, and imprisoned the third (Hormizd, who afterwards escaped to the Roman Empire).〔''Hormozd'', A. Shapur Shahbazi, Encyclopædia Iranica, (March 23, 2012). ()〕 The throne was reserved for the unborn child of one of the wives of Hormizd II. It is said that Shapur II may have been the only king in history to be crowned ''in utero'', as the legend claims that the crown was placed upon his mother's womb while she was pregnant.〔 This child, named Shapur, was therefore born king; the government was conducted by his court and Zoroastrian priests.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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